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Return To Earthquakes Storyboard Southern California Earthquakes Outline
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Southern California Major Quakes
4.5+ 1811-2007 This clickable map of southern California shows epicenters of historic earthquakes (as far back as 1812) of particular note plotted over the background topography. Shown, too, are major highways (in tan) and the surface traces of major faults (in greenish-blue). This map does not show the epicenters of all earthquakes greater than magnitude 4.5 recorded in the southern California area since the 19th century. It is meant as an overview of large and destructive, fairly recent, or unusual earthquakes.This chart is clickable. It takes you to the SCSN website map which is larger and clearer. That map is also clickable, and provides data about each of the indicated quakes. Monthly map displays may also be downloaded from this next URL. Simply replace the month and year number "may07" with your choice and you can look at any period of activity in Southern California: http://www.data.scec.org/monthly/Pics/may07st.gif Or go to their year/month index page: http://www.data.scec.org/monthly/
Southern California Quakes
2+ Daily With Wobble 1932-2007 For this chart and all others on this web page for Southern California: Southern California Tectonic Zone: A rectangle between Latitudes North 32 and 37 and between Longitudes West 122 and 114. This plot is made from what is probably the most authoritative data series on Earth, the catalog for the Southern California Seismic Network, which was one of the first formal quake catalogs in the world. It is believed to be a near perfect record of seismic activity of Class 3+ from 1932 to the current time in a precise area which contains a major portion of the San Andreas Fault and subsidiaries. See South California Quakes/Month 1950-2000 for additional details. This plot was taken down to all quakes of Class 2+. A careful examination of the frequency of seismic events in Class 2 and over since 1932 will suggest to any observer that there is little to NO report inflation in this series. The rapid rise and fall of quake frequency, REPEATEDLY, in all magnitude classes since the early 1970's, as can be plainly seen in [Southern California Quakes 2+ Size Comparatives & Cosmic Parallels With Average Daily Frequency 1932- 2007] suggests the counts have been made consistently for all above Class 2 for at least the past several decades. Accordingly, this chart gives us an objective long vision about the long term tectonic activity of the Earth, or at least of North America. Many geophysicists will tell you that there is no apparent trend of increase in earthquake activity. Look at this data series. What do YOU think? The following chart gives it all to you in one small compressed chart of average annual figures. This chart and the remaining charts in this portion of the storyboard on earthquakes frankly destroy some of the illusions under which many geophysicists mis-think and mis-speak. |

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notes: 1. The "gap" in 1979 is a "hole" in the database, not a dearth of quakes 2. Wobble Axis waveforms begin with the daily record in 1962. Daily records do not exist prior to then, only samples of 20 per year. 3. The Wobble X and Y Axis plots are offset vertically by intent to ease the eye and give the mind an easier time at grasping the phasing connections with quakes. One is not bigger than the other and in fact, literal "size" exactness on the vertical is not important. All the importance is on the horizontal scale and the connection with the up or down phases of the waveforms. |

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South California Quakes/Month 1950-2000 We can get an even better bead on the validity of the apparent trend by comparing what we have just learned with the chart below which was prepared by the Southern California Seismic Network at the turn of Century 21.
This chart counts the total quakes for each month listed in the SCSN catalog for the Southern California region from 1950 to 2000. The count clearly shows that the number of listings grew dramatically from about 1970 through to about 1980. Since 2000, monthly activity has increased another 50% and thus the SCSN staff as of 2007 are adding about 15,000 quakes to their catalog each month. The data flows through nearly 3000 data channels from 375 stations. This network is the premier leading light of science in this field and is in many ways a prototype of the kind of monitoring which needs to be vastly expanded. The intensity, depth, and breadth of this network needs to be expanded to cover the primary active tectonic margins and Great Rift zones in the oceans. This is of course a lot of activity for a small region, which is defined as between Latitudes North 32 and 37 and between Longitudes West 122 and 114. The greater portion of this activity is not even in Class 2. There are items below Class 1 in the catalog and these even include events such as "quarry-blasts". Notice the rise is activity from about 1970 to 1980. This rise we can attribute to "report inflation" caused by the decisions of geophysicists to list even the smallest of detected earthquakes (or at least the ones they had time to verify with other stations). After about 1980, the quantity levels off. Activity is a fairly constant plateau from which rise occasional high spikes caused by periods of what we can call "seismic storms". The graph file (above) may not be currently located at the site. The graph should be replicated but so many events cannot be handled very well with Excel software. Someone with university computing resources should make the effort. The SCSN, which includes the USGS and Caltech as the principal sponsors, believes that as of 2003, the catalog for events 3+ is virtually perfected and provides a reliable linear record of such seismic activity. This SCSN catalog can be accessed at http://www.data.scec.org/catalog_search. A graph based on this profile of Class 3+ appears below and demonstrates a real trend in Southern California. To bring the discussion of these charts to a conclusion, we have all in all reasonably good confirmation that the reporting of events into the quake catalogs had become stable for all class of quakes in Southern California by about 1980. Most likely this stability was obtained in the ANSS catalogs for all Class of quakes above 2.0 from about 1990 at the latest. It follow then, that any "apparent" trend since these dates is likely real.
Map of Quakes In Southern
California 1932-1996
image source: http://www.data.scec.org/general/socalcut.html The Southern California Region, for which the graphs above and below are drawn, is displayed in this wonderful map prepared by the SCSN. The red dots show all seismic events in their catalog. Many of course overlap. The yellow lines show the major freeways. The while lines show state or international boundaries. Nevada is in the upper right triangle, Mexico below the white line near the bottom. The dark green area on the upper right is the lower end of the famed Central Valley of California, which supplies a stupendous portion of fruits, grapes, wines, and vegetables to North America and beyond. These "red zones" are the main points of stress which are caused by the stress of collision between the Baja fragment of the Pacific Ocean Bottom and North America.
Southern California
Quakes 3+ 1933-1999 After establishing the validity of the general trend of increase, I selected 3.0 as the minimum size to use. I looked for specific areas which had been intensively monitored professionally for a long period of time. Two areas of the world, both highly prone to severely destructive quakes, qualified. The first area selected was Southern California. Quake activity 3.0 and greater has been religiously recorded since 1933. This was a great find because it provides an historical time line free of distortions which is twice the historical length which can be established for the world database. The question I was asking was, would we see a reflection of the world trend in this area? Clearly we do see a trend. It more or less knocks you over the head. It establishes that the world trend in the first graph may not be very distorted. And, it is very close to Cayce's dates. Now... |
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